Maps_Modules
HMC:TUMOR_PROMOTING_INFLAMMATION
HMC:ACTIVATING_INVASION_AND_METASTASIS
Cancer Associated Fibroblasts / METABOLIC
References
PMID:15927447; PMID:19995913
Nox4, in contrast to other Nox proteins, produces large amounts of hydrogen peroxide constitutively. Known cytosolic oxidase proteins or the GTPase Rac are not required for this activity. Nox4 associates with the protein p22phox on internal membranes, where ROS generation occurs. Knockdown and gene transfection studies confirmed that Nox4 requires p22phox for ROS generation
ca_re649( Cancer Associated Fibroblasts ):
PMID:19732719
Inhibition of TGF-?? signaling??in vivo??increases CD11b+??cell cytotoxicity via an oxygen radical-dependent mechanism (superoxide?? and H2O2 production) in neutrophils
Identifiers
CHEBI:15379 KEGGCOMPOUND:C00007 CAS:7782-44-7
Identifiers
CHEBI:15379 KEGGCOMPOUND:C00007 CAS:7782-44-7
References
rc_re830( Regulated Cell Death ):
PMID:16839620
review heme biosynthesis in mammals
Identifiers
CHEBI:15379 KEGGCOMPOUND:C00007 CAS:7782-44-7
References
rc_re90( Regulated Cell Death ):
PMID:8194600
cytochrome oxidase inhibition by nitric oxide
Identifiers
CHEBI:15379 KEGGCOMPOUND:C00007 CAS:7782-44-7
References
rc_re397( Regulated Cell Death ):
PMID:11641274
PMID:12080085
PMID:12042299
PMID:12215170
PMID:22841746
Identifiers
CHEBI:15379, KEGGCOMPOUND:C00007, CAS:7782-44-7
References
PMID:19372727
The enzyme responsible for O2???- production is called the NADPH oxidase or respiratory burst oxidase. This multicomponent enzyme system is composed of two transmembrane proteins (p22phox and gp91phox, also called NOX2, which together form the cytochrome b558) and four cytosolic proteins (p47phox, p67phox, p40phox and a GTPase Rac1 or Rac2), which assemble at membrane sites upon cell activation.
References
PMID:19372727
The enzyme responsible for O2???- production is called the NADPH oxidase or respiratory burst oxidase. This multicomponent enzyme system is composed of two transmembrane proteins (p22phox and gp91phox, also called NOX2, which together form the cytochrome b558) and four cytosolic proteins (p47phox, p67phox, p40phox and a GTPase Rac1 or Rac2), which assemble at membrane sites upon cell activation.
Maps_Modules
HMC:AVOIDING_IMMUNE_DESTRUCTION
Innate Immunity / NO_ROS_PRODUCTION
References
PMID:19372727
The enzyme responsible for O2???- production is called the NADPH oxidase or respiratory burst oxidase. This multicomponent enzyme system is composed of two transmembrane proteins (p22phox and gp91phox, also called NOX2, which together form the cytochrome b558) and four cytosolic proteins (p47phox, p67phox, p40phox and a GTPase Rac1 or Rac2), which assemble at membrane sites upon cell activation.
PMID:18809714, PMID:12645005
S100A9 regulates myeloid cell differentiation via reactive oxygen species (ROS), probabli via NAPDH oxidase.
S100A9 may suppress myeloid cell differentiation via persistent up-regulation of ROS in progenitor cells.
in_re477( Innate Immunity ):
PMID:19732719
Inhibition of TGF-?? signaling??in vivo??increases CD11b+??cell cytotoxicity via an oxygen radical-dependent mechanism (superoxide?? and H2O2 production) in neutrophils
→ O_sub_2_endsub__super_-_endsuper_@Cytosol
→ O_sub_2_endsub__super_-_endsuper_@PHAGOSOME/ENDOSOME/LYSOSOME_Membrane
→ O_sub_2_endsub__super_-_endsuper_@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol + NADPH@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol → NO@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol + L-citrulin@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol + NADP+@INNATE_IMMUNE_CELL_Cytosol
+ NADPH@Cytosol → O_sub_2_endsub__super_-_endsuper_@Cytosol + NADP_super_+_endsuper_@Cytosol
+ 2-oxoglutarate:CUL2:O_sub_2_endsub_:RACK1*:RBX1:TCEB1:TCEB2:VHL@Cytosol + 2-oxoglutarate:CUL2:O_sub_2_endsub_:RACK1*:RBX1:TCEB1:TCEB2:VHL@Cytosol → HIF1A|P564_hyd@Cytosol + succinate@Cytosol + CO_sub_2_endsub_@Cytosol
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Nucleus + 2-oxoglutarate@Nucleus → rc_s5678 + CO_sub_2_endsub_@Nucleus + succinate@Nucleus
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Cytosol + NADPH@Cytosol → NO@Cytosol + L-citrulline@Cytosol + NADP_super_+_endsuper_@Cytosol
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial Matrix → NAD_super_+_endsuper_@Mitochondrial Matrix + O_sub_2_endsub__super_-_endsuper_@Mitochondrial Matrix
→ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial Matrix + H_sub_2_endsub_O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial Matrix
→ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial Matrix
→ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial inner membrane
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial intermembrane space → protoporphyrinogen@Mitochondrial intermembrane space + H_sub_2_endsub_O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial intermembrane space + CO_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial intermembrane space
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial intermembrane space → protoporphyrin IX@Mitochondrial intermembrane space
→ O_sub_2_endsub_@Cytosol + H_sub_2_endsub_O_sub_2_endsub_@Cytosol
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Cytosol → biliverdin@Cytosol + CO@Cytosol + Fe2+@Cytosol
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial Matrix → ubiquinone@Mitochondrial inner membrane + O_sub_2_endsub__super_-_endsuper_@Mitochondrial Matrix
+ H+@Mitochondrial Matrix + O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial inner membrane → Cytochrome_C*|ferriheme:cardiolipin@Mitochondrial inner membrane + H+@Mitochondrial intermembrane space
+ O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial intermembrane space → Cytochrome_C*|ferriheme:cardiolipin@Mitochondrial inner membrane + H_sub_2_endsub_O_sub_2_endsub_@Mitochondrial intermembrane space