ERK1_2*

Protein ERK1_2*

Identifiers
HUGO:MAPK1 HUGO:MAPK3
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1
HUGO:MAPK1, HGNC:6871, ENTREZ:5594, GENECARDS:GC22M022108, UNIPROT:P28482
mitogen-activated protein kinase 3
HUGO:MAPK3, HGNC:6877, ENTREZ:5595, GENECARDS:GC16M030125, UNIPROT:P27361
ERK1, p44erk1, p44mapk
HUGO:MAPK3 HGNC:6877 ENTREZ:5595 UNIPROT:P27361 GENECARDS:MAPK3 KEGG:5595 ATLASONC:MAPK3ID425ch16p11 WIKI:MAPK3
ERK, ERK2, MAPK2, p41mapk
HUGO:MAPK1 HGNC:6871 ENTREZ:5594 UNIPROT:P28482 GENECARDS:MAPK1 REACTOME:59283 KEGG:5594 ATLASONC:MAPK1ID41288ch22q11 WIKI:MAPK1

Maps_Modules
HMC:ACTIVATING_INVASION_AND_METASTASIS
EMT Senescence / EMT_REGULATORS
EMT Senescence / MITOCHONDRIA_OXIDATIVE_STRESS
HMC:EVADING_GROWTH_SUPPRESSORS
Survival / WNT_NON_CANONICAL

References
PMID:8388392
PMID:8226933
In the cytoplasm activated MEK2 (phosphorylated) may encounter monomeric, inactive ERK2.
ERK2 in its inactive form is not phosphorylated on a critical Threonine (T) and a critical Tyrosine (Y).
MEK2 phosphorylates the critical Tyr and Thr on ERK2, converting two ATP to ADP. Phosphorylation of ERK-2 activates its kinase activity.
PMID:9604935
Phosphorylation of ERK-1/2 promotes its homodimerization
PMID:18775330
Scaffolds and ERK dimers are essential for the activation of cytoplasmic but not nuclear substrates.
Dimerization is critical for connecting the scaffolded ERK complex to cognate cytoplasmic substrates.
Contrarily, nuclear substrates associate to ERK monomers.

ERK1_2*|pho|active@Nucleus

References
mo_re50:( motility ) PMID:23589069 PMID:22131018 PMID:16472776 PMID:19930715 PMID:17192274 PMID:27452906 PMID:24403062 PMID:29556339
mo_re51:( motility ) PMID:23589069 PMID:22131018 PMID:29556339
mo_re152:( motility ) PMID:19930715 PMID:26597054 PMID:27572739 PMID:27510662

ERK1_2*@Nucleus

References
mo_re49:( motility ) PMID:23589069 PMID:22131018
mo_re50:( motility ) PMID:23589069 PMID:22131018 PMID:16472776 PMID:19930715 PMID:17192274 PMID:27452906 PMID:24403062 PMID:29556339

ERK1_2*@Cytosol

References
em_emtc_emtc_re392( EMT Senescence ):
PMID:9604935
Phosphorylation of ERK-1/2 promotes its homodimerization
PMID:18775330
Scaffolds and ERK dimers are essential for the activation of cytoplasmic but not nuclear substrates.
Dimerization is critical for connecting the scaffolded ERK complex to cognate cytoplasmic substrates.
Contrarily, nuclear substrates associate to ERK monomers.
em_emtc_emtc_re1231( EMT Senescence ):
PMID:16079281
Phosphorylation of Sp-1 by ERK provokes an increase in the transcriptional activity of Sp1- dependent genes
em_emtc_emtc_re1276( EMT Senescence ):
PMID:10197981
PMID:12193595
PMID:16156666
Erk kinases phosphorylate Smad2 and Smad3 at specific sites in the region linking the DNA-binding domain and the transcriptional activation domain.
These sites are separate from the TGFB receptor phosphorylation sites that activate Smad nuclear translocation.
Feedback loop: TGFB activates Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk signaling (PMID:17673906) and Erk reduces TGFB/Smads transcriptional activity.
PMID:15241418
Feedback loop
CDK phosphorylation of Smad3 on Thr8/Thr179/Ser213 inhibits its transcriptional activity and antiproliferative function.
Because cancer cells often contain high levels of CDK activity, diminishing Smad3 activity by CDK phosphorylation may contribute to tumorigenesis and TGFB- resistance in
cancers.

ERK1_2*@Cytoplasm

References
s_wnc4_re22( Survival ):
c-Raf; MEK1/2; ERK1/2;HRAS
PMID:19906679
TGF-b1 in airway smooth muscle cells
PMID:21908588

Modifications:
In compartment: Cytoplasm

ERK1_2*@Cytoplasm

In compartment: Cytosol

ERK1_2*@Cytosol

In compartment: Nucleus

ERK1_2*@Nucleus
ERK1_2*|pho|active@Nucleus

Participates in complexes:

Participates in reactions:
As Reactant or Product:

As Catalyser: