Identifiers
BCL2-antagonist/killer 1
HUGO:BAK1, HGNC:949, ENTREZ:578, UNIPROT:Q16611, GENECARDS:GC06M033489
HUGO:BAK1 HGNC:949 ENTREZ:578 UNIPROT:Q16611
Maps_Modules
HMC:ACTIVATING_INVASION_AND_METASTASIS
EMT Senescence / EMT_REGULATORS
EMT Senescence / MITOCHONDRIA_OXIDATIVE_STRESS
HMC:RESISTING_CELL_DEATH
Regulated Cell Death / APOPTOSIS
Regulated Cell Death / CASPASES
Regulated Cell Death / MOMP_REGULATION
Regulated Cell Death / NECROPTOSIS
Regulated Cell Death / ER_STRESS
References
PMID:22039431
The Bcl2 family proteins regulate and mediate the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, a crucial event in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in vertebrates.
The regulation of apoptosis is governed largely by interactions between the pro-survival and pro-death members of the Bcl2 protein family.
Some members of this family (e.g., Bax, Bak, and Bid: pro-apoptotic proteins) promote apoptosis, while others such as BCL2, BCL2L1, BCL2L2 (anti-apoptotic proteins) work against programmed cell death.
The BCL2 family proteins are characterized by regions of specific sequence homology named as BCL2 homology (BH) motifs that number from 1 to 4 and are critical for function.
Especially a helical BH3 motif of pro-apoptotic proteins occupy and form strong interactions with hydrophobic groove of anti-apoptotic BCL2 family proteins which leads to the activation of the essential death mediators Bax and Bak, thereby committing cells to apoptosis
PMID:23850759
PMID:23430059
Bax and Bak positively modulate the amplitude of IRE1asignaling by interacting at the ER with the cytoplasmic domains of IRE1a resulting in increased XBP1s and JNK phosphorylation
References
em_emtc_emtc_re431( EMT Senescence ):
PMID:22039431
The Bcl2 family proteins regulate and mediate the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, a crucial event in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis in vertebrates.
The regulation of apoptosis is governed largely by interactions between the pro-survival and pro-death members of the Bcl2 protein family.
Some members of this family (e.g., Bax, Bak, and Bid: pro-apoptotic protines) promote apoptosis, while others such as BCL2, BCL2L1, BCL2L2 (anti-apoptotic protines)work against programmed cell death.
The BCL2 family proteins are characterized by regions of specific sequence homology named as BCL2 homology (BH) motifs that number from 1 to 4 and are critical for function.
Especially a helical BH3 motif of pro-apoptotic proteins occupy and form strong interactions with hydrophobic groove of anti-apoptotic BCL2 family proteins which leads to the activation of the essential death mediators Bax and Bak, thereby committing cells to apoptosis:
em_emtc_emtc_re437( EMT Senescence ):
PMID:15077116
p53 has a direct signalling role at mitochondria in the induction of apoptosis
p53 interacts with the pro- apoptotic mitochondrial membrane protein Bak. Interaction of p53 with Bak causes oligomerization and thus activation of Bak and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria.
Formation of the p53???Bak complex coincides with loss of an interaction between Bak and the anti-apoptotic Bcl2-family member Mcl1.
These results are consistent with a model in which p53 and Mcl1 have opposing effects on mitochondrial apoptosis by interacting with, and modulating the activity of, the death effector Bak.
Maps_Modules
HMC:RESISTING_CELL_DEATH
Regulated Cell Death / APOPTOSIS
Regulated Cell Death / CASPASES
Regulated Cell Death / MOMP_REGULATION
Regulated Cell Death / NECROPTOSIS