GJA1_4_GJC1*

Protein GJA1_4_GJC1*

Identifiers
GJA1_4_GJC1*
gap junction protein, alpha 1, 43kDa
HUGO:GJA1, HGNC:4274, ENTREZ:2697, UNIPROT:P17302, GENECARDS:GC06P121756 ??
gap junction protein, alpha 4, 37kDa
HUGO:GJA4, HGNC:4278, ENTREZ:2701 , UNIPROT:P35212, GENECARDS:GC01P035258
gap junction protein, gamma 1, 45kDa
HUGO:GJC1, HGNC:4280, ENTREZ:10052 , UNIPROT:P36383, GENECARDS:GC17M042875

Maps_Modules
HMC:ACTIVATING_INVASION_AND_METASTASIS
EMT Senescence / EMT_REGULATORS
EMT Senescence / CELL_CELL_ADHESIONS
EMT Senescence / GAP_JUNCTIONS

References
PMID:16359940
PMID:14576341
Among the Connexins, Cx43 (GJA1) is the most ubiquitously expressed.
Cx43 is endogenously expressed in at least 35 distinct tissues encompassing over 35 cell types that include cardiomyocytes, keratinocytes, astrocytes, endothelial cells and smooth-muscle cells among many others.
Cx43 co-oligomerize with other Connexins like Cx26 (GJB2, keratinocytes and hepatocytes), Cx31 (GJB5, keratinocytes), Cx45 (GJC1, myocardium) and Cx46 (GJA3, trans-Golgi network).
However Cx43 is unable to co-oligomerize with Cx32 (GJB1).
PMID:16492141
Binding partners proteins of Connexin 43 (GJA1):
-Kinases: v-Src, c-Src, PKC, PKA, MAPK, Casein kinase 1, Cdc2 kinase
-TIGHT_JUNCTIONS scaffold proteins: ZO1, ZO2, caveolin 1
-Cytoskeleton: b-catenin, a-tubulin, b-tubulin
-Others: Drebrin, NOV, CIP85
Cx43 binds with ZO-1 and ZO-2, at different stages of the cell cycle to regulate Gap Junctions size and stability;
Cx43 interacts directly with b-Catenin to regulate Gap junctional intercelullar communication cross-talk activity with the WNT signaling (essential for cell survival);
Binding of CIP85 to Cx43 regulates the turnover of Cx43-containing Gap Junctions, stabilizing the junctions.
Drebrin 1 (Actin-binding protein) binds Cx43 and links Gap junctions to the sub-membrane cytoskeleton
Other cytoskeletal proteins like a and b-Tubulin bind with Cx43 to facilitate Connexion transport.
Binding of NOV to the C-terminus of Cx43 potentially regulates growth suppression.
Binding of Cx43 to Caveolin-1 may play a role in internalization of Cx43.
Connexin-specific selectivity:
Homomeric Connexons made up of Cx32 are permeable both to cAMP and cGMP
Heteromeric Connexons containing both Cx26 (GJB2) and Cx32 are not permeable to cAMP but allow passage of cGMP

Modifications:
In compartment: Neighbouring Cell

GJA1_4_GJC1*@Neighbouring Cell

Participates in complexes:
In compartment: Neighbouring Cell

GJA1:GJA1_4_GJC1*@Neighbouring Cell

Participates in reactions:
As Reactant or Product:

As Catalyser: